课程名称 辅 导 师 八年级语文 郑蕊 上课时间 学 生 2014 年 6 月 28 日 课 时 辅导方式 第 1 课时 徐铭鸿 一对一 教学内容 议论文知识及练习 教学材料 中心自编辅导材料 教学目标 能掌握议论文的基本知识和常见的题目类型以及答题技巧。 教学重难点 答题技巧 教学过程设计
第一部分 议论文知识
一、
议论文三要素：论点、论据和论证 （一）论点
是作者对所论述问题的见解和主张，是议论文的灵魂。议论文一般都有一个中心论点，有的议论文还围绕中心论点提出几个分论点。要区别中心论点和分论点。
文章提出中心论点的方式：标题、开头、结尾、归纳。 （二）论据
是证明论点的材料。它被论点统帅，为论点服务的。 （1） 论据的两种类型：事实论据和道理论据。
① 事实论据：包括有代表性的事例、确凿的数据、可靠的史实等。所用的事例可以是概括的，也可以是具体的。如果运用了事实论据证明论点，同时就是使用了举例论证方法。
② 道理论据：指经过人们的实践检验的、为社会公认的正确理论，包括社会科学理论，如：哲学理论；也包括自然科学的原理、定律、公式及广为流传的谚语、名言、警句等。注意，有的时候道理论据也指作者的推理。 （2） 论据的作用
规范性答题格式如下：
这是……论据，证明……论点（如有分论点，则写出它证明的分论点，否则写中心论点。） （3） 论据补充
做这种题目，注意以下两个方面：①看清楚要求补充的论据类型，即看清楚要求的是名言还是事例；②补充名人事例要注意字数的限制。
（三）论证
（1）指运用论据证明论点的过程和方法。是论点与论据之间逻辑联系的纽带。论点解决“需
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Pushing ahead, East, North, West development, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, stability and reconstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansion accelerated implementation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line solid shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance and typical for a group to lead. According to \"ecological lay based, and industry increased income, and live upgrade civilization, and culture rich connotation\" of thought, caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance, and easily relocation, and \"five modified three built\oject near 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid spending slowing revenue growth, increase, financial 75% to the people's livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefullcuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social convenience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education through the national assessment, the County vocational education center was named \"top School of vocational education in China\batch of national reform and development model through provincial ... Five is to deepen reform and innovation to break bottlenecks and endogenous development of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, adding reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development. Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot project, encouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land resources, in order to promote scale management laid the Foundation. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-credit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. To support therural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a要证明什么”的问题，论据解决“用什么来证明”的问题，论证解决“怎么证明”的问题。
（2）常见的有以下四种：举例论证、道理论证、对比论证、比喻论证。 二、议论文的论证方法
（一）举例论证：所举的能证明论点的具体事例、概括事实、各种现象、统计数据，及作者对此所做的分析，合为举例论证。（摆事实、事例论证）
作用：举出……事例，具体有力地论证了……的观点。事实胜于雄辩，增强了文章的说服力。 （二）道理论证：作者引用的能证明论点的名人名言、为人们承认的理论，作者针对论点所做的分析等。
作用：引用……的名言或者引用格言、俗语等，充分有力地论证了……的观点，增强文章的说服力。
（三）比喻论证：能直接证明观点的比喻句
作用：形象生动地论证了……的观点，使文章论证的道理通俗易懂，容易被人接受。 （四）对比论证：从正反两方面的事实或道理论证论点。对比的可以是两个不同的事物，也可以是一个事物的两个不同方面。对比的双方要属于同一范畴，在某些方面表现出相反或相对的性质。 作用：从正反两方面进行论述，突出地证明了……的观点。 三、议论文的结构
议论文的结构
（1）一般形式：①引论（提出问题）；②本论（分析问题）；③结论（解决问题）。 （2）类型：①并列式；②总分式：总分总、总分、分总；③递进式 四、议论文的语言---严密性、准确性、概括性（杂感：生动性、鲜明性）
例一：“我们建立了独立的和比较完整的国民经济体系，经济实力和综合国力显著增强。”用“比较”二字，加以限制，措辞严谨。体现了议论文语言的严密性。 五、分析文章的论证过程
首先要了解议论文的结构：提出问题（引论）——分析问题（本论）——解决问题（结论）。分析议论文的论证思路，其实就是在段落层次的基础上家上一些诸如“首先”、“然后”、“接着”、“最后”一类表承转起合关系的词语。做这个题目，尤其要注意开头结尾的表述。 （一） 开头的内容
（1） 提出中心论点；（2）引出论题；
以上两个方面，要具体回答出提出中心论点或引出论题的具体方式 （2） 分析论点是怎样提出的。
① 引用名人名言，提出中心论点；②开门见山，提出中心论点；③针对生活中存在的现象，提出中心论点（或提出论题）；④叙述作者的一段经历，提出中心论点；⑤作者从故事中提出中心论点。 （二） 结尾的内容
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Pushing ahead, East, North, West development, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, stability and reconstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansion accelerated implementation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line solid shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance and typical for a group to lead. According to \"ecological lay based, and industry increased income, and live upgrade civilization, and culture rich connotation\" of thought, caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance, and easily relocation, and \"five modified three built\oject near 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid spending slowing revenue growth, increase, financial 75% to the people's livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefully cuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social convenience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education through the national assessment, the County vocational education center was named \"top School of vocational education in China\batch of national reform and development model through provincial ... Five is to deepen reform and innovation to break bottlenecks and endogenous development of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, adding reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development. Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot project, encouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land resources, in order to promote scale management laid the Foundaton. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-credit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. o support the rural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a
达闻中小学生课外辅导中心学员辅导资料
（1）总结全文，得出……的结论；（2）点明或深化……的中心论点；（3）发出……的号召或劝勉人们……（4）补充论证了……（有时候会考查这方面作用，其作用是使论证更严密）
六、论证方式
议论文分立论文和驳论文。立论和驳论，并不是截然分离的。往往是立论中有驳论，驳论中含立论，只是看哪种为主就是了。驳论文可参看《中国人失掉自信力了吗》。
第二部分 议论文常见题型
一、 开头的作用
●解题思路
1.引出下文（通过……事例、名言、自然或生活现象）引出论题或中心论点。 2.吸引读者，激发读者阅读兴趣。
3.作为事实论据（或道理论据）证明中心论点。 二、找论点 ●解题思路
看清要求，补充的是事实论据还是道理论据。 道理论据格式：写一句名言或俗语即可。 事实论据格式：人物＋事例＋简短评价。
（实在不会时，可以编，但要注意具有真情实感，切忌过于夸大，让人一看就知道是胡编乱造的） 五、论证方法及作用
解题思路（见第一节）巩固练习（见第三节） 六、分析论证过程 ●解题思路
1.通过……提出论点或分论点。 2.用……事例或名言加以论述。
3.最后得出……的结论。（或发出……的号召或劝勉人们……）. ●题型示例
1.《敬业与乐业》一文的论证过程，我们可以这样表述：
首先提出中心论点“‘敬业与乐业’是人类生活的不二法门”，然后分层论述了如何才能做到敬业与乐业，最后劝勉听众要敬业与乐业。
2.《人的高贵在于灵魂》一文的论证过程，我们可以这样表述：
首先引用法国思想家帕斯卡的名言“人是一枝有思想的芦苇”提出中心论点“人的高贵在于灵魂”，然后举阿基米德、王尔德事例证明了“珍惜内在的精神财富甚于外在的物质财富”，最后举一个火
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Pushing ahead, East, North, West development, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, stability and reconstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansion accelerated implementation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line solid shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance and typical for a group to lead. According to \"ecological lay based, and industry increased income, and live upgrade civilization, and culture rich connotation\" of thought, caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance, and easily relocation, and \"five modified three built\oject near 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid spending slowing revenue growth, increase, financial 75% to the people's livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefullcuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social convenience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education through the national assessment, the County vocational education center was named \"top School of vocational education in China\batch of national reform and development model through provincial ... Five is to deepen reform and innovation to break bottlenecks and endogenous development of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, adding reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development. Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot project, encouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land resources, in order to promote scale management laid the Foundation. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-credit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. To support therural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a车上读书的少女为例向人们发出“人应该保持纯正的精神追求”的劝勉。 七、论证的严密性 ●解题思路
有助于人们完整、准确地把握……的内涵（理解……的观点），避免产生误解，使论证更加完整、严密。 ●题型示例1
然，挫折并不能自发地早就人才，也不是所有经历挫折的人都能有所作为。法国作家巴尔扎克说：“挫折就像一块石头，对于弱者来说是绊脚石，让你怯步不前；而对于强者来说却是垫脚石，使你站得更高。”只有抱着崇高的生活目的，树立崇高的人生理想，并自觉地在挫折中磨炼，在挫折中奋起，在挫折中追求的人，才有希望成为生活的强者。（节选自《善待挫折》） （1） 有人认为，这一段不要，文章也是完整的，可以删去，你的看法呢？
答：不能删去，这一段有助于人们完整、准确地把握挫折的内涵，避免产生误解，使论证更加严密、完整。 八、语序题 ●解题思路
1．是否和文中的某一句话或一个词相照应。
2．是否有递进关系（或者其他逻辑关系如古今、中外、个人到国家等）。 3.是否符合人们的认识规律。 ●典型例题1
一切学问家，不但对于流俗传说，就是对于过去学者的学说也常常抱怀疑的态度，常常和书中的学说辩论，常常批判书中的学说，常常修正书中的学说：要这样才能有更新更善的学说产生。古往今来科学上新的发明，哲学上新的理论，美术上新的作风，都是这样产生的。（节选自《怀疑与学问》） （1） 文中画线一句，四个“常常”（……怀疑……辩论……批判……修正）的内容能否颠倒，为
什么？
答：不能，因为先有怀疑、辩论，后又批判、修正。颠倒后不符合人们的认识规律。 九、文段的作用 ●解题思路
一般从结构和内容两个方面回答（有时不好回答时，也可只答一个方面）
1. 结构：（1）开头----引出下文；（2）结尾----总结全文；（3）中间----承上启下。 2. 内容：论证了……的观点（或写出段意）。 十、指代题：这、那、此（或写出段意） ●解题思路（指代题）
指代的内容往往就在这些词的前面（前一句或前几句），有时也指这一段的分论点。 十一、开放性、拓展题
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Pushing ahead, East, North, West development, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, stability and reconstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansion accelerated implementation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line solid shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance and typical for a group to lead. According to \"ecological lay based, and industry increased income, and live upgrade civilization, and culture rich connotation\" of thought, caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance, and easily relocation, and \"five modified three built\oject near 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid spending slowing revenue growth, increase, financial 75% to the people's livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefully cuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social convenience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education through the national assessment, the County vocational education center was named \"top School of vocational education in China\batch of national reform and development model through provincial ... Five is to deepen reform and innovation to break bottlenecks and endogenous development of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, adding reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development. Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot project, encouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land resources, in order to promote scale management laid the Foundaton. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-credit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. o support the rural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a
达闻中小学生课外辅导中心学员辅导资料
●解题思路
答题时，看清题目要求，一般要求：（1）明确是否同意作者的观点；（2）联系文本；（3）联系实际加以论证或阐述；（4）结论（回扣题目的要求）
第三部分 重要题型专练------论证方法及作用
(一)陶渊明不为五斗米折腰，李白不摧眉折腰事权贵，顾炎武不做清朝的高官，……古今有志气、有骨气的人，都不以高官厚禄为荣，居下有节，自强不息。他们的高尚品质永远为后世传诵。相反，那些曾荣耀一时、富贵一生的人，现在却早已被时间的长河冲刷得无影无踪了。 问题：这一段除了运用举例论证法之外，还运用了哪种论证方法？其作用是什么？
（二）如今有些人，总是特别害怕别人说自己不深刻，因此总是千方百计伪装自己、表演自己。固然，人生是个大舞台，我们都是表演者，但是，一位真正优秀的演员，不是仅仅依靠外表的华丽取悦观众，而是凭借内心世界的真诚、丰富来赢得更多的掌声。正如我国著名翻译家傅雷先生所说：“一个人只要真诚，总能打动人。”
问题：文章这一段运用了多种论证方法，请指出一种并简要分析它的作用。
（三）做到“心系一处”需要守住内心的一片宁静。在这个越来越繁华的世界，我们的目光能够不被五光十色的景色所吸引，的确不易。作家苏童自他的作品《妻妾成群》被改编成电影后名声大振，上门的采访者、崇拜者络绎不绝，但是苏童很冷静，他对记者说：“门外的繁华不是我的繁华，我是过室内生活的人，一直很安静，现在更安静。”另一个作家张炜则奉行“三不主义”——不看热闹的书，不去热闹的地方，不交热闹的朋友。对于许许多多的成功者而言，其实没有多少秘诀，无非就是他们比平常人更能“心系一处”而已。
问题：文章这一段运用了什么论证方法？简要分析它的作用。
第四部分 真题演练
自信是成功的第一秘诀
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Pushing ahead, East, North, West development, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, stability and reconstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansion accelerated implementation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line solid shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance and typical for a group to lead. According to \"ecological lay based, and industry increased income, and live upgrade civilization, and culture rich connotation\" of thought, caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance, and easily relocation, and \"five modified three built\oject near 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid spending slowing revenue growth, increase, financial 75% to the people's livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefullcuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social convenience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education through the national assessment, the County vocational education center was named \"top School of vocational education in China\batch of national reform and development model through provincial ... Five is to deepen reform and innovation to break bottlenecks and endogenous development of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, adding reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development. Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot project, encouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land resources, in order to promote scale management laid the Foundation. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-credit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. To support therural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a自信，顾名思义就是自己相信自己。人们常说，人要有主见，才会办好事。唐代韩愈初次考举人时，文章并未受到主考官的赏识。结果落第了。三年后，他再次去考，主考官还是此人，连文章题目也未变，韩愈不假思索，毫不犹豫地将上次所写的文章原封不动地写了一遍，出乎意料的是，这次主考官对他的文章大为欣赏，结果当然中了举。初看这则故事，觉得韩愈有点“狂妄”，可仔细一想，他的可贵之处就在于“自信”。如果他惶惶惑惑，另外重写一篇，也许又是名落孙山。 自信，是坚持正确的意见，面对困难不灰心，执著地追求自己的目标。爱迪生一生中进行了大量的发明创造工作，但他也经历了无数次的失败和挫折。如果他当时认为“我不行”，就自暴自弃，那么他还会至今被人们所称道吗？周总理也对共青团干部说过，要吸收各方面的意见，但又不能六神无主，无所适从，要善于吸取好的建议，坚持正确的，也就是要有自信的精神。
但是，盲目的自信则是骄傲，。西楚霸王项羽在秦末时势力最强，由于刚愎自用，即过分自信，听不进劝告，一意孤行，结果“无颜见江东父老”。
“自信是成功的第一秘诀”，但并非靠自信就能成功，成功必须靠汗水和勤奋才能换来，爱迪生的发明创造，正说明了这点。所以自信是成功的第一秘诀，但不是惟一的秘诀。 1、自信的作用是＿＿＿＿＿＿。（用第1段文中的原话来回答） 2．第1段在全文中的作用是（ ） A．点明中心论点 B．提出中心论点的论据 C．论证中心论点 D．提出本文论述的问题 3．西楚霸王的事例说明了（ ）
A．不自信就不能成功 B．盲目自信也不能成功 C．只有自信才能成功 D．只要有自信就能成功
4．本文的中心论点是：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。 5．本文的事实论据有：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。 6．本文使用了＿＿＿和＿＿＿的论证方法。
课后作业（一）阅读下文，完成第16-20题（21分）
①著名作家贾平凹说：“会活的人，或者说取得成功的人，其实懂得了两个字——舍得。”舍得，《现代汉语词典》解释为“愿意割舍，不吝惜”，实际意思偏向于“舍”。贾平凹的话是在告诉我们：要学会舍。
②舍能体现一个人的智慧。
③现实世界纷繁复杂，我们常常面临着舍的考验，需要我们不断地去选择，去割舍。当无法同时完成许多事情时，当感到“心有余而力不足”时，我们就一定要舍，该舍就舍，是智慧的体现。2007年，“阿里巴巴”董事局主席马云面对旗下淘宝网是否收费问题时，他的分析是：“阿里巴巴”的长远目标是成为中国最好的电子商务平台，目前的主要任务是做大规模；同一时间＿＿＿想做大规模，＿＿＿想赚大钱，现有能力还做不到。因此，马云最终决定不收费。马云是睿智的，他
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Pushing ahead, East, North, West development, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, stability and reconstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansion accelerated implementation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line solid shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance and typical for a group to lead. According to \"ecological lay based, and industry increased income, and live upgrade civilization, and culture rich connotation\" of thought, caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance, and easily relocation, and \"five modified three built\oject near 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid spending slowing revenue growth, increase, financial 75% to the people's livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefully cuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social convenience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education through the national assessment, the County vocational education center was named \"top School of vocational education in China\batch of national reform and development model through provincial ... Five is to deepen reform and innovation to break bottlenecks and endogenous development of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, adding reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development. Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot project, encouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land resources, in order to promote scale management laid the Foundaton. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-credit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. o support the rural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a
达闻中小学生课外辅导中心学员辅导资料
的舍是为了更大的发展，是为了走得更远．如今，“阿里巴巴”已成为中国最好的电子商务平台。
④舍能体现一个人的品德。
⑤列夫·托尔斯泰在《一个人需要多少土地》中写了这样一件事：面对“用脚丈量多少土地就可得到多少土地”的诱惑，帕霍姆长时间不停地用脚丈量土地，最终吐血而死。帕霍姆的贪得无厌是造成这一悲剧的真正原因。
⑥陶渊明不为“五斗米”折腰，远离混浊的官场，回归田园。他舍去对名利的追求，体现了淡泊名利的品德，是一种很高的人生境界。
⑦学会舍，我们能拥有人生的智慧，获得成功；学会舍，我们能不被物欲所迷、名利所惑、世俗所左右，就能活得高尚，活得坦荡。
⑧请记住泰戈尔的名言：“当鸟翼系上了黄金，就再也飞不远了。” 16．根据上下文，填入第②段画线处的词语正确的一项是（3分） A．是 还是 B．既 又 C．不仅 还 D．不是 而是 17．第⑦段中的“左右”在文中的意思是＿＿＿。（2分）
18．概括第③段的具体事例＿＿＿，这—事例证明的观点是＿＿＿。（4分） 19．本文的中心论点是＿＿＿，论证结构是＿＿＿。（6分）
20．下面这段文字能与文中哪一段形成对比论证？请具体阐明理由。（6分）
美国开国元勋华盛顿连任两届总统后，民众依然希望他担任第三届总统，但为了推动美国的民主进程，无论民众再怎么拥戴，大公无私的他还是毅然做出了谁也无法更改的决定：不参加第三届总统竞选。他舍弃权利的举动是美丽的，他转身离去的背影亦是人间最动人的。
教学处审核
杨碧宾 部门主管审核
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